_TERMINE_RELATIVO_CASTELLO_(INGLESE)
_SPIEGAZIONE_DEL_TERMINE_(INGLESE)
ABUTMENT
SOLID MASONRY PLACED TO COUNTERACT THE LATERAL THRUST OF A BRIDGE, ARCH, OR VAULT
ADULTERINE
AN UNLICENSED CASTLE
ALLURE
WALL WALK ALONG THE TOP OF A CURTAIN
ANGLE-SPUR
BUTTRESS RISING AT THE ANGLE OF A SQUARE TOWER TO SUPPORT A ROUND SUPERSTRUCTURE
APSE
SEMI-CIRCULAR PROJECTION. TOWER THAT IS ROUND FRONTED OR U-SHAPED
ARBALEST
CROSSBOW
ARBALESTIER
CROSSBOW-MAN, ARBALIST
ARCADE
A RANGE OF ARCHES
ARMOURY
A WEAPONS STORAGE ROOM
ARROW SLIT
NARROW SLIT IN CASTLE WALLS FOR FIRING ARROWS
ASHLAR
BUILDING STONE NEATLY TRIMMED TO SHAPE. STONE WITH CUT FLAT SURFACE
ATILLIATOR
SKILLED CASTLE WORKER WHO MADE CROSSBOWS
ATTAINDER
FORFEITURE OF HEREDITARY HONOURS AND DIGNITIES FOLLOWING A CONVICTION FOR TREASON
AUMBRY
A MURAL CUPBOARD FOR STORING VALUABLES
BAILEY
DEFENDED COURTYARD OR WARD OF A CASTLE. OPEN AREA ENCLOSED BY THE CASTLE WALLS. WARD
BALLISTA
EARLY MISSILE WEAPONS RESEMBLING LARGE CROSSBOW ON A CARRIAGE, FIRING METAL BOLTS, ARROWS OR STONE SLUGS
BALUSTRADE
ORNAMENTAL PARAPET OF POSTS AND RAILING
BAR-HOLE
HOLES BEHIND DOOR TO RECEIVE TIMBER BAR USED AS DOOR BOLT
BARBICAN
FORTIFIED OUTWORK DEFENDING THE GATE OF A CASTLE OR TOWN
BARMKIN
SCOTTISH TERM FOR DEFENDED COURTYARD OF A CASTLE. ALSO, THE WALL ENCLOSING SUCH AN AREA
BARONIAL CASTLE
A PRIVATE CASTLE 
BARREL VAULT
A VAULT IN THE SHAPE OF A HALF BARREL SPLIT LENGTHWAYS 
BARTIZAN
OVERHANGING CORNER TURRET. SMALL TURRET 
BASE-COURT
THE OUTER OR LOWER WARD OF A CASTLE 
BASEMENT
A SECURE STORAGE SPACE 
BASTEL-HOUSE
A POOR MANS PELE. A SMALL STONE HOUSE WITH PROVISIONS FOR CATTLE ON THE GROUND FLOOR, AND LIVING QUARTERS ABOVE WITH SMALL PROTECTED WINDOWS 
BASTION
[
BASTITION
AN OPEN PROJECTING WORK, AT THE CORNER OF A FORTIFICATION 
BATTER
INWARD AND UPWARD SLOPE OF A EXTERNAL WALL.
BATTLEMENT
JAGGED STONEWORK PROTECTING THE WALL WALK.
BAWN
BAILEY OR WARD. A DEFENDED COURTYARD OF A CASTLE.
BEAR
A TOWER SIMILAR TO THE BELFRY 
BELFRY
SIEGE TOWER; WOODEN TOWER MOUNTED ON WHEELS OR ROLLERS, OFTEN COVERED WITH WET HIDES AS PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE. MANY HAD DROP-BRIDGES AT THE TOP, SO THAT ATTACKERS COULD FIGHT THEIR WAY ACROSS ON TO THE TOWERS OR WALL WALKS. 
BELLCOTE
SMALL GABLED OR ROOFED HOUSING FOR A BELL.
BENEFICE
SOURCE OF INCOME 
BERM
FLAT AREA BETWEEN BASE OF WALL AND EDGE OF DITCH OR MOAT 
BESIEGE
SURROUNDING A CASTLE IN ORDER TO CUT OFF ITS SUPPLIES AND MAKE THE OCCUPANTS SURRENDER 
BOLT
A SHORT ARROW FIRED FROM A CROSSBOW 
BOON DAY
COMPULSORY WORK DAY WHEN MANOR WORKERS HELPED IN THE LORD'S FIELDS 
BORE
IRON-TIPPED BATTERING RAM FOR ATTACKING MASONRY, ALSO KNOWN AS PICK 
BOSS
AN ORNAMENTAL PROJECTION COVERING THE INTERSECTION OF THE RIBS IN A VAULT 
BOTTLER
A PERSON WHO PRESIDED OVER THE BUTTERY 
BOWER
THE LADY'S APARTMENT, OR SUITE.WITHDRAWING-ROOM AND SLEEPING APARTMENT  
BRATTICE
A WOODEN PERIMETER DEFENCE 
BRATTICING
WOODEN HOUSING ERECTED ON TOP OF WALLS. WHEN ERECTED ON TOP OF TOWERS, SOMETIMES ALSO KNOWN AS &QUOT;WAR-HEAD&QUOT;.
BRESSUMER
BEAM THAT SUPPORTS THE HOARDING. A MASSIVE BEAM SPANNING AN OPENING.
BRETASCH
WOODEN TOWER OR WOODEN DEFENCE.
BUTLER
A PERSON IN CHARGE OF THE BOTTLES OF BEER AND WINE.
BUTTERY
ROOM WHERE WINE WAS DISPENSED FROM BARRELS. BOTTLERY. USUALLY LOCATED BETWEEN THE HALL AND THE KITCHEN. A STORE ROOM FOR PROVISIONS 
BUTTRESS
THICKENING OF A WALL FOR STRENGTH AND SUPPORT.
BUTTS
TARGETS FOR TOWN ARCHERY PRACTICE 
CAPHOUSE
GABLED TURRET, OFTEN CONTAINING A STAIR-HEAD.
CAPITAL
HEAD OF A COLUMN 
CAPUT
FEUDAL TERM FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE CENTER OF A LORDSHIP 
CARPENTER
A SKILLED CRAFTSMAN WHO SHAPED OR MADE THINGS OF WOOD 
CASTELLAN
A PERSON IN CHARGE OF THE CASTLE. CUSTODIAN 
CASTELLATION
BATTLEMENTS. IMPLYING USE AS DECORATIVE FEATURE.
CASTLE
PROPERLY FORTIFIED MILITARY RESIDENCE. DERIVED FROM THE LATIN CASTELLUM 
CAVALIER TOWER
A SQUARE WALL-TOWER ASTRIDE A CURTAIN TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL LIVING SPACE  
CHAMFER
BEVELED FACE FORMED BY CUTTING OFF CORNER OF STONE OR TIMBER STRUCTURE 
CHIVALRY
RULES OF POLITE AND HONORABLE BEHAVIOR THAT KNIGHTS WERE SUPPOSED TO FOLLOW 
CONCENTRIC
CASTLES HAVING TWO PARALLEL LINES OF DEFENCE, THE OUTER WALL CLOSELY SURROUNDING THE INNER.
CONSTABLE
TITLE OF GOVERNOR OF THE CASTLE: ALSO WARDEN, CAPTAIN, CASTELLAN 
CORBEL
PROJECTING STONE (OR TIMBER) FEATURE ON A WALL TO SUPPORT AN OVERHANGING PARAPET, PLATFORM, TURRET, ETC. 
COUNTERSCARP
OUTER SLOPE OF A DEFENSIVE DITCH 
CREASING
GROOVE IN A WALL FACE INSURING A WEATHER PROOF JUNCTION WITH A ROOF OR CHIMNEY WHICH ABUTS IT 
CRENELLATION
FORTIFICATION- A &QUOT;LICENSE TO CRENELLATE&QUOT; WAS OFFICIAL PERMISSION TO RAISE A FORTIFIED BUILDING OR FORTIFY AN EXISTING STRUCTURE. JAGGED PROTECTIVE STONEWORK AT THE TOP OF A CASTLE WALL.
CRENELS
LOW SECTIONS OF THE BATTLEMENTS 
CROSSLET
A LOOPHOLE ARRANGED IN THE FORM OF A CROSS. CROSSLIT
CRUCK
CURVED TIMBER FROM GROUND TO ROOF RIDGE TO SUPPORT THE ROOF 
CULB
BOWL
CURTAIN
WALL ENCLOSING A BAILEY, COURTYARD, OR WARD, GENERALLY CONSTRUCTED IN STONE 
CUSP
PROJECTING POINT USUALLY IN THE UPPER PORTION OF A TRACERY WINDOW AND OFTEN SEEN IN OGEE-HEADED WINDOWS 
CUSTO
TEMPORARY CUSTODIAN OR GOVERNOR OF A CASTLE OR LORDSHIP 
DAIS
A RAISED PLATFORM FOR THE HIGH TABLE, AT THE END OF THE UPPER HALL
DAUB
MUD COATING-LIKE PLASTER-ON A PANEL
DEMESNE
LAND RETAINED BY THE LORD
DERNIER RESSORT
LAST REFUGE IN A FORTRESS
DONJON
KEEP OR GREAT TOWER, THE MAIN CITADEL OF A CASTLE
DORMER
A WINDOW PARTLY IN THE WALL AND PARTLY IN THE ROOF
DOUNE
A CELTIC WORD MEANING &QUOT;A FORTRESS&QUOT;
DRAWBAR
SLIDING WOODEN BAR TO SECURE A DOOR IN THE CLOSED POSITION
DRAWBRIDGE
A BRIDGE OR ROADWAY ACROSS A MOAT OR DITCH THAT LIFTED TO MAKE CROSSING IMPOSSIBLE
DRESSED STONE
STONES WORKED INTO A SMOOTH MOLDED FACE. USED TO OUTLINE ANGLES, WINDOWS, AND DOORS. DRESSINGS. 
DRUM TOWER
TOWER THAT IS COMPLETELY ROUND
DRYSTONE
METHOD OF BUILDING WITHOUT MORTAR OR CLAY
DUEL
A FIGHT TO THE DEATH WITH FORMAL RULES TO SETTLE AN ARGUMENT
EMBRASURES
SPLAYED OPENING IN A WALL OR PARAPET. ARROW LOOPS IN THE MERLONS
ENCEINTE
ENCLOSURE OR COURTYARD
ESCALADE
ASSAULT ON A WALL OR PALISADE BY SCALING LADDERS
EWERER
WORKER WHO BROUGHT AND HEATED WATER FOR THE NOBLES
FACET
STRAIGHT LINE OF DEFENSIVE WALLING
FAMILIA
PERSONAL HOUSEHOLD OF A FEUDAL LORD
FENESTRATION
ARRANGEMENT OF WINDOWS IN A STRUCTURE
FEUDALISM
A POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM UNDER WHICH LAND WAS GRANTED BY A LANDOWNER TO A PERSON IN EXCHANGE FOR MILITARY SERVICE OR OTHER DUTIES.
FOREBUILDING
PROJECTING DEFENSIVE WORK SCREENING ENTRANCE OF KEEP OR OTHER STRUCTURE FROM DIRECT ATTACK.
FORESTAIR
EXTERNAL OPEN STAIR, LEADING TO THE UPPER FLOORS
FOSSE
DITCH
FREESTONE
STONE WHICH IS EASILY CUT AND MOLDED, SUCH AS FINE GRAINED LIMESTONE OR SANDSTONE.
GABION
WICKER BASKET FILLED WITH EARTH AND/OR STONE, USED IN FORTIFICATIONS.
GARDEROBE
LATRINE, TOILET OR BATHROOM. A ROOM TO STORE PERSONAL ITEMS. WARDROBE.
GARTH
COURTYARD OR INTERNAL ENCLOSURE, OPEN TO THE SKY. 
GATEHOUSE
STRONG MULTI-STOREYED STRUCTURE CONTAINING A FORTIFIED GATE. 
GONG FARMER
PERSON WHO CLEANS THE LATRINE
GROIN VAULT
THE LINE WHICH TWO VAULTS, RUNNING AT ANY ANGLE, MEET
HERALD
KNIGHTS ASSISTANT AND AN EXPERT ADVISOR ON HERALDRY
HERALDRY
RULES CONTROLLING USE BY NOBLEMAN REGARDING PATTERNS USED ON FLAGS, ARMOR, AND SHIELDS.
HERISSON
WOODEN PALISADE
HERRINGBONE MASONRY
STONE OR BRICK LAID DIAGONALLY INSTEAD OF HORIZONTALLY.
HOARDING
WOODEN FIGHTING PLATFORM FITTED TO PARAPET OF WALL AS EXTRA PROTECTION FOR DEFENDERS.
HORNWORK
OUTER EARTHWORK OBSTACLE USUALLY SET BEFORE AN ENTRANCE TO INPEDE ATTACKERS.
INNER WARD
INTERIOR COURTYARD, HUB OF CASTLE WHERE DAILY ACTIVITIES TOOK PLACE.
INTRA-MURAL
IN THE BODY OF THE WALL
JAMB
VERTICAL SIDE OF A DOORWAY, WINDOW, ARCHWAY, OR FIREPLACE
KEEP
THE MAIN CITADEL OF A CASTLE. A GREAT TOWER. A FORTIFIED TOWER CONTAINING LIVING QUARTERS. A SELF SUFFICIENT TOWER.
KEYSTONE
CENTRAL WEDGE SHAPED STONE AT THE TOP OF AN ARCH
KIFE
TUB OR VAT USED IN BREWING OR BLEACHING. KIVE
LAIRD
MINOR BARON OR SMALL LANDLORD.
LANCE
LONG POINTED POLE USED AS A WEAPON IN WAR AND JOUSTING.
LAVABO
A STONE BASIN FOR THE WASHING OF HANDS.
LIGHT
COMPARTMENT OF A WINDOW
LINTEL
HORIZONTAL BEAM OR STONE PLACED OVER THE HEAD OF A DOOR OR WINDOW AND SUPORTING THE WALL ABOVE.
LOOPHOLE
VERTICAL SLIT FOR AIR, LIGHT, OR SHOOTING THROUGH.
LOUVER/LOUVRE
OPENING IN THE ROOF OF THE HALL/TURRET TO LET SMOKE ESCAPE FROM A CENTRAL HEARTH.
MACHICOLATION
OPENINGS IN FLOOR OF PROJECTING PARAPET OR PLATFORM ALONG WALL OR ABOVE ARCHWAY, THROUGH WHICH DEFENDERS COULD DROP OR SHOOT MISSILES VERTICALLY ON ATTACKERS BELOW. MURDER HOLES. 
MANGONEL
SIEGE ENGINE FOR HURLING HEAVY STONES
MANTLE
SIMPLE CURTAIN WALL WITHOUT TOWERS
MANTLET WALL
WALL COVERING OR PROTECTING AN ENTRANCEWAY OR COURTYARD
MARK
UNIT OF ACCOUNT, THOUGH NOT A COIN, VALUED AT 13S. 4D.
MASON'S MARK
CUT ON DRESSED STONE BY A MASON TO IDENTIFY HIS WORK
MERLON
THE &QUOT;TEETH&QUOT; OF BATTLEMENTS, BETWEEN THE CRENELS OR EMBRASURES. HIGH SECTIONS OF BATTLEMENTS.
MEZZANINE
FLOOR OR LANDING BETWEEN TWO MAIN STOREYS. ENTRESOL.
MOAT
WATER-FILLED DITCH AROUND THE CASTLE. A BODY OF WATER AROUND THE CASTLE.
MOLDING
CONTINUOUS ORNAMENTAL CONTOUR FORMED ON A SURFACE OR BEVELLED EDGE.
MOTTE
ARTIFICIAL OR IMPROVED NATURAL MOUND ON WHICH CASTLE WAS BUILT.
MULLION
VERTICAL MEMBER DIVIDING A WINDOW.
MURAGE
TAX LEVIED BY BOROUGHS TO PAY FOR THE BUILDING OF TOWN WALLS.
MURAL STAIRS
STONE STAIRS IN THE WALL
MURDER HOLES
OPENINGS IN THE ROOFS OF PASSAGEWAYS THROUGH WHICH MISSILES AND LIQUIDS COULD BE DROPPED ONTO ATTACKERS.
NEWEL STAIR
CIRCULAR OR WINDING STAIR. THE TREADS RADIATE FROM A CENTRAL POST OR COLUMN CALLED A NEWEL.
NOBLE
A THIRD OF A POUND, OR HALF A MARK. THE SUM OF 6S. 8D.
OFFSET
SLOPE OR LEDGE ON A WALL OR BUTTRESS WHERE THE UPPER FACE IS SET BACK.
OGEE
DOUBLE CURVE, PARTLY CONCAVE PARTLY CONVEX, USUALLY A WINDOW OR DOOR.
OILLET
AN EYE HOLE. ROUNDEL AT THE END OF A CROSS SHAPED ARROW LOOP.
OPE
OPENING.
ORATORY
A SMALL PRIVATE CHAMBER FOR PRAYER.
ORIEL
LARGE PROJECTING WINDOW SUPPORTED ON CORBELS.
OUBLIETTE
TINY CELL WHERE PRISONERS WERE LEFT TO DIE. SECRET CHAMBER.
PALISADE
WOODEN FENCE USED FOR A FORTIFICATION
PARADOS
THE INNER OR REAR WALL OF A WALL-WALK
PARAPET
PROTECTIVE WALL ON OUTER SIDE OF WALL WALK
PENTHOUSE
COVERED PASSAGE, BUILT OF STOUT(STRONG) TIMBER AND COVERED WITH RAW HIDES, WHICH PROTECTED SOLDIERS OR WORKMEN WHEN CONSTRUCTING A SAP OR MINE WITHIN THE RANGE OF THE ENEMY, OR THOSE BUILDING A CAUSEWAY ACROSS A DITCH, OR HACKING WITH PICKS, AXES AT THE FOOTING OR LOWER FACE OF A WALL.
PILASTER
SHALLOW BUTTRESS STRENGTHENING A WALL
PISCINA
BASIN WITH DRAIN HOLE FOR THE PRIEST TO WASH THEIR HANDS OR VESSELS, USUALLY SET IN A NICHE.
PIT PRISON
UNDERGROUND CELL, WITH ACCESS THROUGH HATCH IN CEILING. DUNGEONS. BOTTLE DUNGEONS.
PLINTH
PLATFORMS THAT KEEPS WERE RAISED ON TO PREVENT MINING.
PORTCULLIS
HEAVY WOODEN, IRON, OR COMBINATION GRILLE PROTECTING AN ENTRANCE. RAISED AND LOWERED BY WINCHES IN THE GATEHOUSE.
POSTERN
SMALL DOOR OR GATE, USUALLY SOME DISTANCE FROM MAIN ENTRANCE OF CASTLE OR WARD. OFTEN HIDDEN TO ALLOW DEFENDERS TO ENTER AND EXIT CASTLE WITHOUT DETECTION. SALLYPORT. SECONDARY GATEWAY OR BACK DOORWAY.
PUTLOG HOLE
HOLES LEFT BY THE WITHDRAWAL OF TIMBERS USED TO SECURE SCAFFOLDING.
QUARREL
ARROW FOR A CROSSBOW.
QUINTAIN
TARGET FOR JOUSTING PRACTICE
QUOINS
STONES, FREQUENTLY DRESSED, USED IN THE ANGLES OF BUILDINGS.
RAINURES
HOISTING BEAMS OF A DRAWBRIDGE
RAMPART
A PROTECTED FIGHTING PLATFORM FOR CASTLE DEFENDERS. A DEFENSIVE BANK OF EARTH OR RUBBLE
REEVE
SENIOR OFFICER OF A BOROUGH
RELIEVING ARCH
ROUGHLY CONSTRUCTED FALSE ARCH.
RERE-ARCH
ARCH ON THE INSIDE FACE OF A WINDOW EMBRASURE
REVETMENT
AN OUTWORK OR EMBANKMENT FACED WITH A LAYER OF MASONRY FOR ADDITIONAL STRENGTH.
REVETTING
FACING APPLIED TO THE WALL OR BANK
RINGWORK
SMALL ENCLOSURE WITH A HIGH RAMPART AROUND IT
RUBBLE
WALLING OF ROUGH, UNDRESSED STONES. FILL STONE.
SCREEN
NARROW PASSAGE AT THE LOWER END OF THE HALL. SCREEN PASSAGE
SHINGLES
WOODEN TILES FOR COVERING ROOFS
SHUTTER
MOVABLE DEVICE FOR CLOSING THE CRENEL OR OTHER OPENING
SIEGE
ATTACKING A CASTLE IN ORDER TO CAUSE SURRENDER
SIEGE ENGINE
A MACHINE FOR FIRING MISSILES AT CASTLE OR FOR SCALING WALLS
SIEGEWORK
AN EATHWORK RAISED FOR THE PROTECTION OF A FORCE BESIEGING A CASTLE.
SILL
LOWEST HORIZONTAL MEMBER OF A WINDOW FRAME OR PARTITION.
SKENE
KNIFE DAGGER OR SMALL SWORD
SLIGHTING
THE PROCESS OF RENDERING A CASTLE USELESS TO PREVENT ITS FUTURE USE. DISMANTLING A FORTIFICATION. THIS WAS DONE BY BREACHING WALLS, UNDERMINING WALLS, AND LATER, BY BLOWING THEM UP WITH GUN POWDER.
SMITHS
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE FORGING AND REPAIR OF DOMESTIC AND MILITARY IRON-WORK.
SOLAR
PRIVATE LIVING QUARTERS OF LORD, USUALLY ADJACENT TO GREAT HALL.
SPLAY
AN APERTURE WHICH WIDENS AS IT PROGRESSES INWARDS.
SPRINGER
LOWEST TILTED STONES OF AN ARCH OR VAULT
SQUINCH
MASONRY ARCH BRIDGING AN ANGLE TO CARRY A STONE STRUCTURE IN THE ANGLE.
SQUIRE
TRAINEE KNIGHT WHO SERVED AS ASSISTANT TO THE KNIGHT.
STOP
CARVED DEVICE TERMINATING A CONTINUOUS MOLDING OR CHAMFER.
STRING COURSE
HORIZONTAL PROJECTING MOLDING OR BAND ON THE FACE OF A WALL.
TRANSOM
HORIZONTAL BAR OF STONE OR WOOD IN A WINDOW TO DIVIDE THE LIGHTS
TREBUCHET
GIANT SIEGE ENGINE IN THE FORM OF A BOULDER FIRING CATAPULT
TREFOIL
THREE-LOBED OR THREE-LEAVED MOTIF.
TRUNNIONS
AXLES ON WHICH A DRAWBRIDGE TURNED
TURNING BRIDGE
EARLY VARIATION ON DRAWBRIDGE, OPERATING ON &QUOT;SEE-SAW&QUOT; PRINCIPLE.
TURRET
A SMALL TOWER. 
UNDERCROFT
PLAIN ROOM UNDER A DOMESTIC BUILDING OF A MEDIEVAL HOUSE OR CASTLE MOST OFTEN USED AS STORAGE.
VAULT
AN ARCHED ROOF USUALLY OF STONE
VOUSSOIRS
STONES OR BRICKS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ARCH. USUALLY WEDGE SHAPED.
WALL PLATE
BEAM LAID ALONG THE LATERAL WALL TOPS TO RECEIVE THE FEET OF THE RAFTERS
WALL WALK
WALKWAY ON A WALL TOP, PROTECTED BY A PARAPET
WARD
COURTYARD ENCLOSURE OF A CASTLE. MORE CONFINED VERSION OF A BAILEY WITH A STONE WALL
WARDER
PERSON NOMINATED FOR THE DUTY OF WATCHING THE LIGHTS IN THE CASTLE CHAPEL. NIGHT-WATCHMAN.
WEEPER
HOLE FOR CARRYING OFF RAIN WATER FROM THE WALL-WALK
WICKER CENTERING/CENTRING
FRAME OF WICKER BUILT TO HOLD THE VAULT IN PLACE WHILE BEING CONSTRUCTED.
WINDLASS
MECHANICAL DEVICE USED TO RAISE AND LOWER THE DRAWBRIDGE
YETT
SCOTTISH VARIATION ON PORTCULLIS. GATE MADE OF INTERSECTING IRON BARS PENETRATING EACH OTHER VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY.