_TERMINE_RELATIVO_CONTROLLO_BIOLOGICO_(INGLESE)
_SPIEGAZIONE_DEL_TERMINE_(INGLESE)
ABDOMEN
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ANTENNA
(PL.): A PAIR OF SENSORY ORGANS LOCATED ON THE HEAD OF AN INSECT, ABOVE THE MOUTHPARTS.
BEAK
COLLOQUIAL EXPRESSION FOR THE PROTRUDING MOUTHPART STRUCTURES OF A SUCKING INSECT (= PROBOSCIS).
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
THE USE OF LIVING ORGANISMS, SUCH AS PREDATORS, PARASITOIDS, AND PATHOGENS, TO CONTROL PEST INSECTS, WEEDS, OR DISEASES. TYPICALLY INVOLVES SOME HUMAN ACTIVITY.
CATERPILLAR
THE IMMATURE STAGE (LARVA) OF A BUTTERFLY, MOTH, OR SAWFLY.
CHEMICAL CONTROL
PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES WHICH RELY UPON THE APPLICATION OF SYNTHETIC OR NATURALLY-DERIVED PESTICIDES.
CLASS
A CATEGORY OF THE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME OF LIVING ORGANISMS RANKING BELOW A PHYLUM AND ABOVE AN ORDER (E.G., INSECTA).
COCOON
A SILKEN CASE FORMED BY AN INSECT LARVA FOR PUPATION.
COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS
TYPE OF INSECT DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERIZED BY FOUR DISTINCT STAGES: EGG, LARVA, PUPA, AND ADULT.
CULTURAL CONTROL
PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES THAT RELY UPON MANIPULATION OF THE CROPPING ENVIRONMENT (E.G., CULTIVATION OF WEEDS HARBORING INSECT PESTS).
DIAPAUSE
A PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF ARRESTED METABOLISM, GROWTH, AND DEVELOPMENT THAT OCCURS AT A PARTICULAR STAGE IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF AN ORGANISM.
DORMANCY
A RECURRING PERIOD IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF AN ORGANISM WHEN GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND REPRODUCTION ARE SUPPRESSED.
EXOSKELETON
A SKELETON OR SUPPORTIVE STRUCTURE ON THE OUTSIDE OF AN INSECT BODY.
FAMILY
A TAXONOMIC SUBDIVISION OF AN ORDER, CONTAINING A GROUP OF RELATED GENERA. FAMILY NAMES END IN -IDAE.
GENUS
(GENERA-PL.) (PL.): A GROUP OF EVOLUTIONARILY RELATED SPECIES, SHARING ONE OR A NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTICS.
HEAD
THE ANTERIOR REGION OF AN INSECT, WHICH BEARS THE MOUTHPARTS, EYES, ANTENNAE AND HOUSES THE BRAIN.
HONEYDEW
THE SUGARY LIQUID DISCHARGE FROM THE ANUS OF CERTAIN INSECTS (HOMOPTERA) SUCH AS APHIDS AND SCALES.
HOST
THE ORGANISM IN OR ON WHICH A PARASITOID LIVES; A PLANT ON WHICH AN INSECT FEEDS.
HYPERPARASITE
A PARASITE WHOSE HOST IS ANOTHER PARASITE. INDIGENOUS: NATIVE TO AN AREA.
INSTAR
THE STAGE OF AN INSECT'S LIFE BETWEEN SUCCESSIVE MOLTS, FOR EXAMPLE THE FIRST INSTAR IS BETWEEN HATCHING FROM THE EGG AND THE FIRST MOLT.
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)
AN APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF PESTS IN WHICH ALL AVAILABLE CONTROL OPTIONS, INCLUDING PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROLS, ARE EVALUATED AND INTEGRATED INTO A UNIFIED PROGRAM.
LARVA
(LARVAE-PL.) THE IMMATURE STAGE BETWEEN THE EGG AND PUPA OF INSECTS HAVING COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS WHERE THE IMMATURE DIFFERS RADICALLY FROM THE ADULT (E.G., CATERPILLARS, GRUBS).
LIFE CYCLE
THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS THAT OCCURS DURING THE LIFETIME OF AN INDIVIDUAL ORGANISM.
MAGGOT
THE IMMATURE FORM (LARVA) OF A FLY OR WASP, LACKING LEGS AND A WELL-DEVELOPED HEAD.
METAMORPHOSIS
A CHANGE IN BODY FORM DURING DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSECT.
NYMPH
THE IMMATURE STAGE, FOLLOWING HATCHING FROM THE EGG, OF AN INSECT THAT DOES NOT HAVE A PUPAL STAGE.
ORDER
A TAXONOMIC SUBDIVISION THAT CONTAINS GROUPS OF RELATED FAMILIES OR SUPERFAMILIES; USUALLY ENDING IN -PTERA IN INSECTS.
OVIPOSITOR
THE EGG-LAYING APPARATUS OF A FEMALE INSECT.
PARASITE
AN ORGANISM THAT LIVES IN OR ON ANOTHER ORGANISM (THE HOST) DURING SOME PORTION OF ITS LIFE CYCLE.
PARTHENOGENESIS
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSECT, FROM EGG TO ADULT, WITHOUT FERTILIZATION.
PATHOGEN
A DISEASE-CAUSING ORGANISM.
PEST
AN ORGANISM THAT INTERFERES WITH HUMAN ACTIVITIES, PROPERTY, OR HEALTH, OR IS OBJECTIONABLE.
PHEROMONE
A SUBSTANCE, SUCH AS A SEX ATTRACTANT, THAT IS GIVEN OFF BY ONE INDIVIDUAL AND CAUSES A SPECIFIC REACTION IN OTHER INDIVIDUALS OF THE SAME SPECIES.
PHYLUM
(PHYLA-PL.) (PL.): ONE OF THE MAJOR DIVISIONS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM.
PREDATOR
AN ANIMAL THAT ATTACKS AND FEEDS ON OTHER ANIMALS, NORMALLY KILLING SEVERAL INDIVIDUALS DURING ITS LIFE CYCLE.
PRONOTUM
THE UPPER, OFTEN SHIELD-LIKE, HARDENED BODY-WALL PLATE, LOCATED JUST BEHIND THE HEAD OF AN INSECT.
PUPA
(PUPAE-PL.) THE NONFEEDING STAGE BETWEEN THE LARVA AND ADULT IN INSECTS WITH COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS.
PUPARIUM
(PUPARIA-PL.) A CASE FORMED BY THE HARDENING OF THE LAST LARVAL SKIN, IN WHICH THE PUPA IS FORMED; USUALLY OF FLIES.
HOST PLANT RESISTANCE
THE RELATIVE AMOUNT OF HERITABLE QUALITIES POSSESSED BY A PLANT THAT REDUCES THE DEGREE OF DAMAGE TO THE PLANT BY A PEST OR PESTS.
INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE
GENETICALLY INHERITED ABILITY TO WITHSTAND DOSES OF PESTICIDE WHICH WOULD KILL INDIVIDUALS FROM STRAINS WHOSE ANCESTORS HAD NOT BEEN EXPOSED TO THE PESTICIDE.
SPECIES
A GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS SIMILAR IN STRUCTURE AND CAPABLE OF INTERBREEDING AND PRODUCING FERTILE OFFSPRING. THEY ARE DIFFERENT IN STRUCTURE FROM OTHER SUCH GROUPS AND DO NOT INTERBREED WITH THEM.
THORAX
THE INSECT BODY REGION BEHIND THE HEAD WHICH BEARS THE LEGS AND WINGS.
VECTOR
AN ORGANISM CAPABLE OF CARRYING AND TRANSMITTING A DISEASE-CAUSING AGENT FROM ONE HOST TO ANOTHER.